Strategic Management with The Key Focus on The Topic of Profit Essay

Strategic Management with The Key Focus on The Topic of Profit Maximisation - Essay Example Keeping in view the two above mentioned definition of business and profits, a simplistic conclusion is; the more profit, the better it is. But it is not practical option when evaluated with the perspective of other stakeholders of the business. The business does not have the investor as the only stake holder. The customers, suppliers, regulatory body, competitors, unions and society at large are the stake holders of the business and the organisations must consider all of them when conducting businesses and devising the profit plans. For instance, an airline while operating its flights, should consider the pollution effects it puts on the environment, the noise its take off and landings produce, which can disturb the citizens. It is, therefore, operating flights at night in US is legally prohibited. There are two approaches of profit maximisation i.e. increasing revenues and decreasing costs. The next sections discuss these two options in detail. Profit Maximisation though Revenue Inc rease It is important to note here that business sector earns revenues by customers, who consider the price of the product or service as the cost. Customers invest their hard earned income in buying goods and services. The price for businessman is cost for customers who incur this cost to fulfil the need for which product or service is designed. The interest of customer is to pay as low price for the product as possible. On the other hand, the interest of the businessman is to charge as high a price as possible. This trade off between the interest of purchaser and seller is set at an equilibrium price at which the seller receives considerable amount of profit and the buyer fulfils his needs at an... The author of the essay concludes that the answer to the question whether the organisations should adopt simple profit maximisation approach cannot be explicitly given in affirmation or negation. A balance is required between the profit orientation and societal orientation. It is because organisations operate in the society and they are ethically bound to share their gains with the entities that support generation of the profits. The clear cut statement is; in no circumstances the organisation should operate in losses. Attaining profits is the core objective; however, maximisation of profits can be compromised based on the environmental conditions and requirements. The case of monopolistic competition is discussed in the above paper. It is an unlikely situation for all the stakeholders except the business owners. This approach is minimized in the theories and practices of all times of business sector. In short, the business sector, that drives investment and economy, should focus on win-win conditions for all stake holders. It is pretty fair to state that the major chunk of profit remains in the hands of investor while rest of the stake holders get the returns of cost in terms of satisfied need or other intangible benefits. The focus of business sector should be achieving the realistic equilibrium whereby they can balance out the demand and supply of its products and services. Both the deviation and shift from equilibrium will lead to undesirable outcomes for the business sector and all other stake holders as well.

Why might firms with exposure to foreign markets use foreign currency Coursework

Why might firms with exposure to foreign markets use foreign currency derivatives - Coursework Example A derivative is defined as ‘an instrument whose price is derived from, or depends on, the price of another asset’ (Hull 2009:779). When a company receives foreign currency against supply of services or goods to a foreign based importer, it acknowledges some kind of foreign exchange risk, since there is a possibility of fluctuation between currencies of both exporter and importer from the time of entering into the contract and receipt of funds from the foreign importer. Thus, in case of companies with substantial export earnings, it should assess the quantum of its forex exposure, create a road map for how to minimise that risk, to employ hedging strategies to minimise any substantial loss that may be encountered due to future forex fluctuations in the currencies where it is likely to receive from its foreign importers. (Bragg 2010: 207). For instance, if a company has quoted its export values in US$ and during the interval period where a foreign importer is under obligat ion to pay the exporter, if the dollar appreciates against the exporter’s currency, then the importer might be paying with a decreased –value currency, which creates the company to account for a foreign exchange loss at the time of receipt of funds. (Bragg 2010: 208). As per Froot, Scharstein and Stein (1993), if the level of capital investment of a company is high, the chance for employing forex derivatives in its risk management policy is always on the increase. (Froot, Scharstein and Stein 1993:1631). ... ers of the international companies opt these derivatives so as to take the positions in the anticipation of revenues (speculation) or employment of these instruments to minimise the risk inherent with day to day management of their company’s cashflow hedging).( Aswathappa 2010 :543). The probable advantages from employing forex derivatives are reliant on the anticipated exchange rate movements. Thus, it is essential to comprehend why the exchange rate moves over time before employing the forex derivatives for risk coverage. Different Kinds of Forex Derivatives Forex Forwards: Forward is comprised of spot transactions that have been retained for less than 180 days but held over 48 hours when they due for payment and paid at the current prevailing spot price. If you minus the bid price with that of ask price, then you can arrive at the transaction cost. Forex swaps are financial transactions associated with the swapping of two currency amounts on a particular date and a reverse exchange of the analogues' amount at an afterward date. The main objective is to administer currency risks and liquidity by executing forex transactions at the most apt time. In fact, the underlying currency is borrowed and lent concurrently in both currencies, for instance, by selling Euro for US$ for spot value and consenting to reverse the deal at an afterdate. (Brickford& Brickford 2007:7) Forex Futures: A future can be illustrated as a standardised contract to sell or buy a particular asset at a price previously consented to and at a fixed future date. Forex futures are standardised financial instruments that are negotiated in organised markets. Forex futures have many probable benefits but also have many probable risks. Forex futures markets are not only heavily regulated but also

Investment policy statement Essay Example for Free

Investment policy statement Essay Return Requirements: * Tax minimization – a continuing collateral goal * Inflation adjustment enhancement of investments- real growth of capital with possible extra return if possible. Risk Tolerance: * Investment risk – very low risk 1. The Muellers have been managing their own investments and are familiar with risk but may not understand volotiliity completely due to their high portion of volatile stocks within the portfolio 2. Want to provide for their daughter’s college education 3. Very high tax bracket (30% on income and 20% on net realized gains) Constraints: Time Horizon: The Muellers are relatively young and have still a lot of time to work and likely saving for retirement is in their agenda. The main goal is to provide for their daughter’s education and expenses associated with it. This goal would be considered long-term but is relatively short in comparison to possible saving for retirement. Liquidity Requirement: There is an ongoing stream of income available. Their may still be some liquidity needs in order to provide for the expenses of the college education along with life expenses associated with both The Muller’s and their daughter. Taxes: The family is in the highest of brackets. Future investments should take that into account on an indefinite basis. Tax-sheltered investments should be considered and will likely benefit the family more than high yields that are taxable. Legal and Regulatory: The Muellers would like to monitor their own investments, so their investments are generally only governed by state law. Unique Circumstances: Past unsuccessful investments of $100,000 can be used to offset tax distributions on net realized gains. Most important aspect and is unique to the saturation, Incoming expenses of $90,000 for the first year of college and then consistent four more years of $40,000 of college expenses.

Preferences of the Banks in Hiring Accounting Technicians Essay

Accounting technicians are now creating their names in the accounting firm. They are accounting professionals that could work in all types of organizations and widely employed throughout the public sector, industry and commerce and in private accountancy practices. According to the website of Foras Aiseanna Saothair Training & Employment Authority (n.d) they assist professional accountants in collecting, checking and analyzing financial reports. They could work independently or as a part of a team. They also said that accounting technician must work with accuracy and methodically with figures. And they must capable of compiling and analyzing transactions such as administering payrolls, bookkeeping, and other financial transactions. This research paper aims to discuss the preferences of banks in hiring accounting technicians based on characteristics and qualification in the said position. It also focuses about what does accounting technicians mean and how to be one of them. At the same time, the researchers will tackle the job description of an accounting technician. I. Accounting Technicians are like professional accountants because according to the website of Accounting Technicians Ireland that they are also qualified to work at all degrees of finance. Accounting technicians are extensively employed throughout the public sector, industry, commerce and in private accountancy practices. According to Shaw (2006), â€Å"Certified accounting technicians are responsible for a variety of administrative task to try to improve the efficiency and profitability of a company. They are usually in the accounting or finance department of charities, banks, building societies or insurance companies.† An effective accounting technician... ...s Retrieved from: http://www.saipa.co.za/page/491/accounting-technicians †¢ Anonymous (2014) Accounting Technician: job description Retrieved from: http://targetjobs.co.uk/careers-advice/job-descriptions/276923-accounting-technician-job-description#employers †¢ Anonymous (2014) Certified Accounting Technician Graduates Retrieved from: http://www.accaglobal.com/gb/en/student/foundation-lvl-qual-student-journey/qualification-resources/foundation-lvl-qual/cat-qualification/cat-graduates.html †¢ Wikipedia. (2014, February 13) Association of Accounting Technicians Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Accounting_Technicians †¢ Robertson, Tanya (n.d) Disadvantages of being an Accountant Retrieved from: http://www.ehow.com/info_12152469_disadvantages-being-accountant.html †¢ Plunket College (n.d) Retrieved from: http://www.plunketcollege.ie/news.php

Faculty Interview

Faculty Interview Kathleen Fargo University of Phoenix Role of the Health Care/Nursing Educator HSN/548 Denise York November 26, 2012 Faculty Interview Changes are occurring in the health care arena today. With changes in legislation regarding health care regulation and the mandatory health care there is an increase in the already shortage of nurses. With the shortage of nurses come the requirements for an increased need for nursing educators. Responsibilities of the nurse educator extend beyond teaching the student.Educators must shift the emphasis for the result of learning with retention of knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the role of a current nursing educator presently employed in a state college in Oklahoma. C. B. is currently an Associate Professor at Seminole State College (SSC) in Oklahoma. Her first position in teaching was as a registered nurse with an associate degree in nursing at a technology school as an educator for the school of practical nursing. She obtained a bachelor’s of science in nursing, was promoted to coordinator of the program. C. B. as obtained a master’s of science in nursing and has been employed at SSC for three years. SSC offers a cooperative alliance nursing program, a bridge program for licensed practical nurses to obtain an associate degree in nursing. SSC is a two-year college working in conjunction with two technological schools in the area to provide a bridge program from the technological school’s practical nursing program to the associate degree in nursing program. Today’s colleges and universities are faced with changing issues related to education and the health science program.According to Billings and Halsted (2009), driving forces for the changes include â€Å"increasing multiculturalism of society, finite financial resources in education and health care, expanding technology and the accompanying knowledge explosion†¦ and the increasing public demand for accountab ility of educational outcomes† (p. 3). Nursing programs must increase the demand for nurses by increasing the number of graduates. Fewer educators are available to teach the increasing number of nursing students.As full-time faculty leaves the institution, colleges and universities are forced to fill the positions with adjunct faculty because of budget constraints. â€Å"Many accrediting agencies require a percentage of full-time faculty and specific targets for faculty with terminal degrees in the disciplines in which they teach† (Stenerson, Blanchard, Fassiotto, Hernandez, & Muth, 2010, p. 25). Accreditation can also depend on the faculty responsibility for the university or colleges ability to â€Å"demonstrate faculty responsibility for the curriculum and faculty perspectives in the process of shared governance† (Ibid).C. B. is assigned to the bridge program as the technology school where she was formerly employed is one of the practical nursing programs wher e she was the coordinator. She is familiar with the programs and is able to provide out of classroom support. C. B. is required to be a member of the committee where updating of the clinical classes occurs. Adjunct faculty who have been at the state college for more than a year are encouraged to participate in committees. Textbooks are decided on in the committee.If the adjunct faculty prefers not to participate in the curricula committee meetings their input is welcome regarding the text selections and curricula planning. The adjunct faculty presently employed at SSC have clinical experience and are familiar with the clinical sites for the students. Full-time faculty is encouraged to obtain a PhD although it is not required. Full-time educators are also assigned two to three adjunct faculty to mentor if the part-time faculty has been employed by the college for less than one year.The associate professor is responsible, with the program director, in evaluating the adjunct nursing ed ucators mentored. Whether full-time or an adjunct professor, each nurse educator has a responsibility to uphold the mission of the institution by mentoring, teaching critical thinking skills, being a positive role model, and practices ethical conduct. Nursing programs must be maintained to remain current. With informatics as a newer field in nursing, along with computers, and rapid changes in technology, practicing and teaching have changed.Additional fields in health care include genomics, cloning, organ transplants, and a potential for pandemics, all which must be included in the nursing curricula in addition to the already existent fundamentals of nursing (Rosenkoetter& Mistead, 2010). In Seminole, Oklahoma the main three minorities include native Americans, Latinos, and African-Americans. SSC is a multicultural college and the cultures are taken into account for the method s taught in the classes. Beliefs and customs are treated with respect nonjudgmentally.Family nursing is add ressed in the clinical classes as students are educating families and the patient on the final diagnosis. Community involvement is strongly recommended for full-time faculty and required of tenured professors. Tenured professors are required to participate in research committees. As classes are phased out tenured professors may have their position eliminated although elimination of positions has not been an issue for SCC’s nursing program. Vacant positions arise as nursing educators acquire a PhD and move to a higher university. Today’s nurse educator has a difficult job.The educator must take the responsibility of turning students into learners rather than the educator just teaching. Increased graduation rates is a must in the current nursing shortage that will extend for decades. The educator faces rapidly changing technology with the college or university’s limited budgets, larger student loads with a smaller faculty, multicultural classes, and different gene rations of students. C. B. ’s goal is to obtain her PhD eventually and transfer to a university. References Billings, D. M. , & Halsted, J. A. (2009). Teaching in Nursing: A Guide for Faculty (3rd ed. . Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders. Rosenkoetter, M. M. , Milstead, J. A. Nursing Ethics. Jan 2010, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p137-139. Retrieved from https://ehis. ebscohost. com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? vid=2&hid=124&sid=0bd9c94c-3d04-4761-9781-b7aa77ff8179%40sessionmgr14 Stenerson, J. , Blanchard, L. , Fassiotto, M. , Hernandez, M. , & Muth, A. (2010, Summer). The role of adjuncts in the professoriate. Peer Review, 12(3), 23-26. Retrieved from https://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=ehh&AN=54710247&site=eds-livetf

The American Criminal Justice System - 3283 Words

Since the policy was enacted in the early 1990s, three strikes laws have been one of the most controversial issues facing the American criminal justice system. In general, advocates believe that locking up criminals will protect society. Critics believe that three-strike policy can only be effective with offenders that are on their last strikes (Worrall, 2008). However, other critics explain how three-strike laws don’t significantly reduce crime because most criminals mature out of the criminal lifestyle (Worrall, 2004). There are two cases that pushed and guided the three strikes policy that received national attention. First, was Kimber Reynolds, who was murdered in cold blood in 1992 during a purse snatching where the man pulled out his .357 Magnum and shot her in the ear (Walter Downs, 1994). This horrendous crime helped her father, Mike Reynolds, become one of the lead advocates for California’s Three Strikes Law in 1993. Reynolds wanted to target repeat offenders that have two prior violent offenses that have committed a third offense which would put them behind bars for life. State legislators were concerned about the law and many thought of rejecting the law because they believed the sentencing for the policy could be costly (Walter Downs, 1994). The second case that really made a difference was the 1993 kidnapping of Polly Klaas from her home during a sleep over with friends. Richard Allen Davis broke in and tied her friends up then kidnapped and murdered her.Show MoreRelatedThe Amer ican Criminal Justice System1398 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Criminal Justice system is arguably one of the most fair systems in the world. However, like anything it has its flaws. There are many flaws but the largest three, in my opinion, would be the fact that we have the highest incarceration rate of any other country, the high penalties for drug users, as well as the jury system. The high incarceration rates and the penalties for drug users affect each other but they are still issues on their own. In fact, many of issues within our system coincideRead MoreThe American Criminal Justice System873 Words   |  4 PagesThe American criminal justice system has set up laws and by breaking the laws would be considered a crime, and depending on the crime that is broken have different types of degrees. And these crimes can be broken into three different categorize and whether or not it will be classified as a felony, misdemeanor or an infraction. A victimless crime is a crime th at goes against societies values, norm but the people involved with these criminal acts do not feel victimized, compared to if they were beingRead MoreThe American Criminal Justice System1866 Words   |  8 Pagesthe American criminal justice system for more than two centuries. In its mandate to regulate government power to judge people accused of transgressing against the laws of the society, the mechanism of the jury allows the citizens themselves to determine the guilt or innocence of the person. Though juries have generally served a vital function in the criminal justice system, the reputation of the jury system has come under fire over the past several years. Commentators charge that the system insulatesRead MoreAmerican Criminal Justice System Change990 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept of American criminal justice system change? At first, I didn’t know anything about American Criminal Justice System. The definition of criminal justice system I looked up on the internet was that it is a system that is established to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate the law in order to maintain social order. But is it the full definition of criminal justice system in America? Are there any aspects that can be added to this definition? American criminal justice system seemsRead MoreRacism And The American Criminal Justice System1584 Words   |  7 PagesToday, African Americans and other minorities are over-represented in the criminal justice system, but under-represented politically in the United States of America. Since well before its inception in 1776, the United States of America has been a nation characterized by white supremacy. In fact, modern day America may not exist if not for the taking of land from the Indigenous Peoples on this very premise. Today, many Americans believe they live in a post-racial nation, citing the abolition ofRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Criminal Justice System Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many ways the criminal justice system plays a huge role in the discrimination against all people of color. Mostly, there are a wide range of studies within the African American communities that expresses concern, prejudice, and even racial profiling in the criminal justice s ystem pertaining to blacks. Judges, jurors, police officers, and even marriages are key roles of the societal disadvantages African Americans have. African Americans are even being arrested more than any other race inRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Criminal Justice System1542 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction African American males are overrepresented in the criminal justice and many times are subject to harsher sentences than their Caucasian counterparts. African American males also experience racial profiling and have more negative interactions than any other population in the United States. Ibie, Obie, and Obiyan states, â€Å"African Americans have continued to be the repository for American crime and to be treated as amalgamation of presumed group trait rather than as individuals†. ThisRead MoreThe Bias Of The American Criminal Justice System Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesThe bias in the American criminal justice system is first reported in the first stages of the system, which includes the (act of asking questions and trying to find the truth about something) and arrest of the suspected people by police personnel (American Civil Liberties Union, 2013). These police personnel discriminately target the minorities as criminal suspects, which eventually skews the racial popu lation of the people arrested, charged, put in jail or convicted (Cole, Smith, DeJong, 2013)Read MoreAfrican Americans And The Criminal Justice System1500 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout American history, the African-American population has been in the minority, and has been persecuted for hundreds of years. What Taylor-Thompson is stating is that African-Americans usually hold the minority in court decisions as well, which poses a problem due to the majority overriding their vote. Due to the racial tensions, the judicial system ultimately changed in order to include more minorities in juries, however it was lopsided during the Simpson trial. During the tumultuous 1990sRead MoreThe American Court System And Criminal Justice System1750 Words   |  7 PagesThe System Each year, approximately ten-thousand people are convicted of crimes that they did not commit (Spring). Ten-thousand people that will never see their kids grow up, ten-thousand people that will miss out on life, ten-thousand people whose lives will never be the same. Men and women are on death row for decades, only to be exonerated after their execution. Where is the justice in that? Prisons are also overcrowded and according to political scientist David Hudson, America holds five percent

Comparison of Great Gatsby and Sonnets from the Portuguese...

How does the treatment of similar content in The Great Gatsby and the prescribed poems by Elizabeth Barrett Browning reflect changing values and perspectives? Throughout different time periods in history, perspectives change. With changing perspectives, artists and authors convey their feelings for particular social issues in varying ways through their texts. As the prescribed text, â€Å"The Great Gatsby† by F. Scott Fitzgerald and the prescribed sonnets from â€Å"Sonnets from the Portuguese† by Elizabeth Barrett Browning show, we can see the changes in perspective from the Victorian Era, compared to that of the Post-WWI period, the roaring 20’s. A comparison of these texts lets us see a change in society’s view on love, the role of women in†¦show more content†¦We see how she requires more than to be loved as merely a possession to her husband, Robert Browning, but for him to â€Å"†¦love on through love’s eternity†. On the other hand, in FSFs â€Å"GG†, love has a different, more materialistic meainig. As the American Dream was based largely around money and other materialistic possessions, its influence was spread into many aspects of society including a persons’ love for another. Love may have been based around ones wealth. We can see that in â€Å"GG†, Daisy’s ‘love’ for Gatsby is driven by materialistic items as shown by Daisy in â€Å"It makes me sad because I’ve never seen such – such beautiful shirts before†. Another reflection of changing values in society is marriage. EBB wrote during a time where once a woman became married to a man, she then became his property. Women could not manage their own sexual activity, and were defenceless against physical abuse inflicted by the man. We can see in Sonnet I how ‘a voice said in mastery while I strove, ‘Guess now who holds the!’ ‘Death’, I said†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Not death but loves’, allowing us to interpret this in many ways. Personally, I interpreted this second person speaking as Robert Browning, her husband, speaking of being her ‘master’ and also Browning’s feelings of hate or ‘deathly feelings’ of this, but it also shows how Robert Browning will also lover her forShow MoreRelatedEssay on Comparison Between the Great Gatsby and Ebb Sonnets1078 Words   |  5 Pages‘A deeper understanding of aspirations and identity emerges from considering the parallels between the Great Gatsby and Browning’s poetry’. Compare how these texts explore aspirations and identity? Both the texts ‘The Great Gatsby’ by F.Scott Fitzgerald and ‘Sonnets from the Portuguese’ by Elizabeth Barrett Browning explore the ideas of aspirations and identity developing a deeper understanding of the texts. Both texts share these ideas through the characters and the values of idealism and hopeRead MoreAn Analysis Of Elizabeth Barrett Browning s Sonnets Of The Portuguese And F. Scott Fitzgerald s Pros Fiction2027 Words   |  9 Pagesin human societies of various eras. The comparative study of Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s â€Å"Sonnets of the Portuguese† and Scott Fitzgerald’s Pros fiction â€Å"The Great Gatsby† allow for a thorough evaluation of the relationship between the texts contexts and values. Both composers craft arguments on the nature of and value of life itself within the framework of love and spirituality. Browning, however writes from the perspective of a woman challenging values of the conventions of the Vic torian era. WhilstRead MoreAnalysis Of Elizabeth Barrett Browning s Sonnets Of The Portuguese And Scott Fitzgerald s Pros Fiction The Great Gatsby2019 Words   |  9 Pagesand the writers intended discourses. The comparative study of Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnets of the Portuguese and Scott Fitzgerald’s Pros fiction ‘The Great Gatsby’ allow for a thorough evaluation of the relationship between the texts contexts and values. Both composers craft arguments on the nature of and value of life itself within the framework of love and spirituality. Browning, however writes from the perspective of a woman challenging values of the conventions of the Victorian era. Whilst